Turkey's Position Among World Countries In Light of Innovation Indicators (GII) and Issues That Turkey Should Primarily Settle

Abstract

In today's world, for countries to be able to improve the level of their development depends mainly on production and marketing of goods that are high in competitiveness. The ability to produce high quality goods which are more likely to survive in competitive structure of continuously globalizing world and to be able to succeed requires to achieve more innovative approaches in production. From governments to corporations, products to services, production to sales and marketing, and technology to classical systems, innovation is to be observed and sensed clearly. It has been aimed in this study to find out about the positions of both Turkey and other countries with reference to 2017 World Innovation Indicators. With this respect, through the consideration of 61 innovation indicators (including the indictors for main groups) where all countries and cities are taken into account, analysis of the data for 119 countries was carried out through hierarchical clustering, one of the statistical methods with multiple variables. As is understood, countries, involved in this analysis process, were all clustered in 9 different groups, and Turkey has been observed to occupy in the 3rd group with Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, Peru, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Ukraine, Chile, China, Malesia, Mexico, South Africa, Tailand, The United Arab Emirates and Vietnam. In the 5th group, where the leading countries in classification of innovation index are available, there exist the countries; Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Holland, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, England and America. With this regard, twenty (20) basic subjects that we demonstrated insufficient performance about were identified after a consideration of the differences between index averages of countries in 5th group and that of Turkey.