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Modification of photoelectrode with thiol-functionalized Calix{[}4]arenes as interface energy barrier for high efficiency in dye-sensitized solar cells

Akin, Seckin and Gulen, Mahir and Sayin, Serkan and Azak, Hacer and Yildiz, Huseyin Bekir and Sonmezoglu, Savas
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Date
2016
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12498/4701
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Abstract
We successfully synthesize a series of bis-thiol-substituted calix{[}4]arene derivatives bearing diverse groups on the upper-rim/lower-rim ([email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]). For the first time, we apply these derivatives as interface modifiers for improving the photovoltaic response of a Ru-bipy dye (N-719)-sensitized TiO2 photoanode in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). We use FT-IR, H- and C-NMR, UV-vis spectrophotometry, and elemental analysis techniques to characterize the structuress of the calix {[}4]arene derivatives. We achieve an overall photon-to-electron conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.97\% with the DSSCs based on 25,27-bis(5-thiol-1-oxypentane)-26,28-dihydroxycalix{[}4]arene ([email protected])-modified TiO2 photoanode (J(sc) = 9.49 mA cm(-2), V-oc = 672 mV, FF = 61.1\%) compared with a system of bare TiO2 (PCE: 6.82\%) under AM 1.5G illumination of 300 W/m(2). In addition, we also study the influence of the chain length ([email protected]; with 3 carbons and [email protected]; with 5 carbons) and subsidiary ligand groups such as alkyl ([email protected]), nitro ([email protected]), and amine ([email protected]) on the surface morphology, spectral response, and photovoltaic performance. Our results reveal that the [email protected] calixarene is the best derivative for modifiying the TiO2 photoanode. Thiol-functionalized Calix{[}4]arene molecules play a role in assisting charge separation and preventing back recombination, which accounts for the observed enhancement in photovoltaic performance. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved....  Show more  Show less
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